Full article: Aspartame use and Parkinson's disease: review of associated effects on neurotransmitters, oxidative stress, and cognition Mini MCAT passage: Pentose phosphate pathway and G6DP deficiency (practice) Khan Academy Elevated glutathione levels may reflect an accumulation resulting from impaired recycling, often due to deficiencies in NADPH, selenium, or riboflavin (vitamin B2). This indicates a disruption in the redox balance rather than HMP Shunt Pathway Steps, Regulation, Occurance and Significance A family of NADPH NADP+ biosensors reveals in vivo dynamics of central redox metabolism across eukaryotes Nature Communications